“Local Government Administration and the Challenges of Corruption in Nigeria a case study of Karu Local Government Area Nasarawa Stat

 

 “Local Government Administration and the Challenges of Corruption in Nigeria a case study of Karu Local Government Area Nasarawa State

ABSTRACT

The study titled “Local Government Administration and the Challenges of Corruption in Nigeria a case study of Karu Local Government Area Nasarawa State” is aimed at finding out the impact of corruption on local government administration in Karu local government Nasarawa state. Local government as a tier of government is about the most important tier of government particularly with its direct impact on the people at the lowest strata of government. Governance at this level has always been confronted with the ever recurring problem of scarce resources with which to undertake development inclined projects needed for the upliftement of the lives of the local people. The situation has now been made worse by the problem of corruption at the local level. This research project work therefore looks at the trend of corruption in the local government system why it is perpetrated and its effect on governance at the grassroots level. In order to achieve the objective, the research adopts survey design and questionnaire was used as an instrument for the collection of data from a population of 100 respondents of which 75 questionnaires were distributed of which 50 (65.2) were duly filled and returned. Analysis was done using simple percentage methods of data analysis for the research questions, while the hypotheses were analyzed using the chi-square statistical analytical technique. The finding indicated that: There is no significant positive relationship between corruption and development on local government administration. The study recommends stronger leadership, institutions and collective resolution of the people to deal with the problems. The government must take proactive in area of development, growth progress, decency and stability in the country.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Title page

Certification

Dedication

Acknowledgement

Abstract

Table of content

List of figure

CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION

1.1            Background to the study

1.2            Statement of Research Problem

1.3            Objectives of the study

1.4            Research Questions

1.5            Statement of Hypothesis

1.6            Significant of the study

1.7            Scope and Delimitation of the Study

1.8            Definition of Terms

CHAPTER TWO: LITERATURE REVIEW

2.0     Introduction

2.2     Conceptual Clarification

2.3     Theoretical Framework

2.4     Literature on the Subject Matter

CHAPTER THREE: METHODOLOGY

3.1     Research Design of the Study

3.2     Population

3.3     Sample size

3.4     Sampling Technique

3.5     Instrumentation

3.6     Instrument Validation

3.7     Reliability of Research Instrument

3.8     Procedure of Data Collection

3.9     Method of Data Analysis

CHAPTER FOUR: DATA PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION

4.0     Data analysis, findings and discussion

4.1     Findings of the Study

4.2     Discussion of findings

CHAPTER FIVE: SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND                RECOMMENDATIONS

5.1     Summary

5.2     Conclusion

5.3     Recommendation

5.4     Suggestion for further research

Bibliography

Appendix 1: Letter of introduction

Appendix II: Questionnaire

CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION

1.1  BACKGROUND TO THE STUDY

The wave of popular pressures for political reforms that spread across most developing countries in the period stretching from the late 1980s to the mid-1990s culminated in the restoration and establishment of the democratic institutions. In most countries, where, the transition to elected government occurs, the most visible sign of the changes that took place was the repositioning of the third tier of government to its proper position, for the grassroots development. Indeed, general political reforms went hand in hand with economic reforms. Thus, during the 1990s and beyond, a considerable amount of discussion took place and centered on the question of good government to improve the situation in the rural areas (Maidoki and Philip, 2009).

In Nigeria, the impact of government is felt more at the grass root level, that is, where the majority of the people of the country live. As a result, the local government level as the third tier of government in the country is charged with the responsibility of delivery of governmental services and making common- man feel the impact of the government that governs them. Hence, there are quite of some duties and responsibilities that they discharge as functions either at the constitutional level or as the sub- constitutional level (Yahaya, 2009). In other words, the essence is to make the grass root or local government administration also to witness development in their domain.

Obikeze and Anthony (2004) argued that on the surface, the commonest challenge that easily comes to the mind of scholars, researchers, observers and administrators is the problem of finance. Funds are just usually available in the quantities that can facilitate the easy transformation of the local government areas. They point out that in Nigeria federal system, the revenue of the government are usually shared among the federal, state, and local government, with the local government areas getting the least share of the statutory allocation. Various allocation of the federal government is clear evidence here; yet, the responsibilities of local government are increasing by the day with a growing expectation to perform at that level.

Unfortunately, however, the local governments are equally coping with more serious challenges in their conduct as a tier of government. This challenge also does contribute significantly to deterring or slowing down the local government efforts, as so much of resources are lost through these means. This research projectwills therefore, examines these challenges in greater details, and also considers why they occur in the first place. It will also examine their effects with respect to governance, and then, suggest ways is they can be controlled.

1.2  STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

Considering the important role of local government administration to socio­­-economic and politicaldevelopment ofthe ruralareas, it will be out of place, if the incidents of corrupt practices are not addressed. It is obvious that achieving the objectives for which a local government was created may be affected.

Local government is the third tier of government saddle with development inclined projects need for the upliftement of the lives of local people. Government at this level has been confronted with the ever-recurringproblems of scarce financial resources with which to undertake development agenda. The situation has now been made worse by the challenge of corruption at the local government level.

Although, corruption exists on a global scale involving large and small organizations, inNigeria, corruption has taken place more in government circles. At the local government level, there are some ofpractices that translate to corruption which in turn draw the local areas backward. This goes a long way to reveal the lukewarm attitude of our political elites towards anti – corruption crusade. Meanwhile, the reason for corruption at the local government is not far fetch. One major reason is that, Nigerian leadership is not transparent in all its deeds (IroIro, 2009).

According to IroIro (2009), tackling corruption in Nigeria demands that the political class should re-dedicate themselves to the development of Nigeria by Nigerians. That class should be ready to sacrifice their skills, talents and comfort for the real transformation of the country’s agenda frommonoculture economy to a polycultural one. Maidoki and Philip (2008) prescribed basic budget and financial management reform as critical elements of efficiency in the area of service delivery to tackle corruption in local government.

However, it is pertinent to mention here that challenges of corruption do not go without problems. Some of the problems this research hope to address includes the following:

·         Do corruptions reduce the revenue base of local government?

·         Do corruptions hinder statutory responsibility of local government?

·         Does corruption lead to poor governance and service delivery in local government?

Obviously, the above-enumerated problems will be the focus of this research with a view to proffer solution, since corruption isnowconsidereda hindranceto development in Nigeria’s local government administration.

1.3 OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY

The purpose of the study is to assess the extent to which the challenge of corruption affects the local government administration. Itwill also evaluate it, determine its effects on the processes of governance successes and failures and discuss likely means by which they can be controlled. The other objectives this research seeks to achieve are:

·         To determine the extent to which corruption factors affect local government          administration in Nigeria.

·         To ascertain the effect of corrupt practices on the development projects at the Karu           local     government area.

·         To determine the relationship existence between corruption and local government administration.

·         To make suggestions for policy implication in the light of the findings of    the study.

1.4 RESEARCH QUESTIONS

In this study, an attempt will be made to provide answers to the following questions.

1.         How does corruption influence local government administration performance in     Nigeria?

2.         What is the relationship between corruption and local government   administrators?

3.         To what extent do corruptions affect Karu local government area?

4.         What are the available measures provided by the government to control and prevent          corrupt practices?

1.5 STATEMENT OF THE HYPOTHESIS

The following hypothesis formulated would be tested into help provide answers to the research questions:

Hypothesis One:

Ho:      There is no significant relationship between Karu local government area and           corruption.

H₁:       There is a significant relationship between Karu local government    area and corruption

Hypothesis Two:

Ho:      There is no significant correlation between corruption and development on local government administration in Nigeria.

H₁:       There is a significant relationship between corruption and development on local     government administration in Nigeria.      

1.6 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

The study findings will help to inform the administrator of Karu local government area and other government authorities on how to ensure prudent use of the fund, and the need for accountability to avoid corrupt practices. The findings are also intended to help policy makers develop and maintain governmental affairs, and provide a platform for transparency and accountability in resources management. Finally, it is to aid policy makers, managers, government authority to watch out for corrupt practices and to introduce measures to control, such, and thus, be able to manage the scarce resources to accommodate for project development at the local government level.

1.7 SCOPE AND DELIMITATION OF THE STUDY

This study covers the local government administration and challenges of corruption in Nigeria, using Karu local government areas Nassarawastate. The study focused on the challenges corruption posed to Karu local government as it affects development projects, the processes of governance, and why it occurs.

This study is delimitated to the available secondary data from books and other sources such as the internetandlibraries. The primary data collection was done using structured questionnaires. Out of the 75 questionnaires distributed to the staff of Karu local government general staff and residents of theKaru local government area, 50 were completely filled and returned. Also, in a study of this nature funding is a problem especially against the fact that it is carried out by a student with merger means.

1.8 DEFINITION OF TERMS

Local government: A unit of administration with constitutionally defined territory and powers and it is the tier of government closest to the people.

Administration: The process and activity that involve controlling, organizing,andmanaging ofanorganization .

Corruption: A dishonest action in the form pervasion of integrity or immoral acts.

Development: A progressive movement from lower to higher level.

Management: It is a prudent process of handling activities between personnel and resources to achieve organization‘s goal.

Transparently: This is the openness of government in the conduct of its activity that involves the people.

Performance: This is the measure of the efficiencies with which inputs or resources are utilized to create outputs.                                       

REFERENCES

Adewumi, J. B. and Orewa, G.O (1983) Local government in Nigeria the changing scene, Benin, 

Ethiope Publishing Corporation

IroIro, U (2009) The political Economy of corruption Trends in Nigeria, in Journal of political

Studies Vol. 1, No. 2 p89 – 102

Maidoki, P and Philip, A. (2009); Local government as an agent of service delivery: A

comparativeanalysis of developing countries and lesson for Nigeria.International   Affairs Quarterly. Vol 1 No 2 p 241 – 255.

Obikeze, O.S. and Anthony. O.E. (2004).Public administration in Nigeria: A

Developmental approach. Onitsha, Nigeria: Book point ltd

Yahaya .A.A (2009). Local Government Administration and the challenges of crimesCorruption in Nigeria, in journal of political and social studies Vol. 2, No. 2, p 12 – 18.

AN APPRAISAL OF PUBLIC PERSONNEL ADMINISTRATION IN NIGERIA: THE STUDY OF FEDERAL MINISTRY OF BUDGET AND NATIONAL PLANNING COMMISSION

AN APPRAISAL OF PUBLIC PERSONNEL ADMINISTRATION IN NIGERIA: THE STUDY OF FEDERAL MINISTRY OF BUDGET AND NATIONAL PLANNING COMMISSION

ABSTRACT

The study is An Appraisal of Public Personnel Administration in Nigeria, The Study of Federal Ministry of Budget And National Planning Commission. It defines public personnel administration  as  the concern of the relationship that take place in work place as it affect recruitment, welfare and retirement of workers in all effort toward efficient and effective productivity in organization. The research question addressed the extent of the relationship between public personnel administration relationship between Programmes and Federal Ministry of Budget and National Planning Commission. A Descriptive Research design was used in executing the study using 75 randomly selected respondents from a population of 250 employees for questionnaire administration. However, 50 questionnaires were returned. In addition, there were face to face interviews and collection of secondary data for the study. The core aspect of the study is the use of chi-square statistically analytical technique to analyze primary data obtained. Results from the data analysis indicated that significant relationship exists between public personnel administration relationship between Programmes and Federal Ministry of Budget and National Planning Commission. The research therefore concludes with recommendation encouragement of work teams, training and re-training of employees, improvement of reward system and improvement of internal communication channels.

                                                                 TABLE OF CONTENTS

Title page        -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -

Certification    -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -

Dedication      -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -          

Acknowledgement      -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -

Abstract          -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -

Table of content          -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -

List of figures -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -

CHAPTER   ONE: INTRODUCTION

1.1        Background To The Study     -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -

1.2        Statement Of Research Problem         -           -           -           -           -           -           -          

1.3        Objective Of The Study         -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -

1.4        Research Question      -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -

1.5        Statement Of Hypothesis       -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -

1.6        Significant Of The Study       -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -

1.7        Scope And Delimitation Of The Study          -           -           -           -           -           -

1.8        Definition Of term      -           -           -           -           -           -           -           --          -

CHAPTER TWO: LITERATURE REVIEW

2.1       Introduction    -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -          

2.2       Conceptual Clarification         -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -

2.3       Theoretical Framework           -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -

2.4       Literature on the Subject Matter         -           -           -           -           -           -           -

CHAPTER THREE: METHODOLOGY

3.1       Research Design of the Study            -           -           -           -           -           -           -          

3.2       Population       -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -

3.3       Sample Size     -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -

3.4       Sampling Technique    -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -

3.5       Instrumentation                       -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -

3.6       Instrument Validation             -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -

3.7       Reliability of the Research Instrument -         -           -           -           -           -           -

3.8       Procedure for Data Collection           -           -           -           -           -           -           -

3.9       Method of Data Analysis       -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -

CHAPTER FOUR: DATA PRESENTATION ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION

4.1       Results and Data Analysis -    -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -

4.2       Test of Hypothesis     -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -

4.3       Discussion of Finding             -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -          

CHAPTER FIVE: SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND         RECOMMENDATION

5.1       Summary         -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -

5.2       Conclusion      -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -

5.3       Recommendation        -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -

5.4       Suggestion for Further Research        -           -           -           -           -           -           -

Bibliography   -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -

            Appendix I: Letter of Introduction    -           -           -           -           -           -           -

            Appendix II: Questionnaire    -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -          

                                                              CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

1.1       BACKGROUND TO THE STUDY

Personnel administration is also popularly known as human resources management. People of a country are an important asset for it, so is the case with organization. The successful functioning of an organization depends on its manpower and quality of leadership. The manpower itself does not contribute to the development of all organization; it has to be converted into human resources through symmetric planning, adequate training   and proper education. (Mutiuallah, 2014). For employees to satisfy organizational goals irrespective Of their qualification or experience, they need to be trained, retrained and developed within the context of the organization objective. Development of human resources poses major challenge for developing countries like Nigeria.

With the emergence of democratic institution and the welfare state, government as well as corporate tasks are on a steep increase and so there is an increased demand for personal at every levels in terms of efficient discharge of their duties, and it is the job if the personnel administration department to ensure that this demand is met at the right time with the suitable candidate. As personal administration   deals with the management of the human resources, the study of its concept, nature, scope and development Assume importance.

Nwachukwu (1988), argued that in economic terms, personnel administration contributes to the accumulation of effective and efficient human   capital and its investment in the development of an economy. Countries such as Japan, German, Korea, Italy etc. are known to have attained high level of development   despite the absence of mineral wealth of any significant. This personal administration of any nations is intricately integration of any nations is intricately interwoven with her economic and social development.

One important  reason for personnel administration  is that the task  of government are increase every day development and  welfare orientation have led to the expansion of government and its administrative machinery . As the tasks, responsibilities and action ties of organizations whether public or private multiply the demands of efficient dies charge of their duties also arise (Mutiuallah, 2014). This task of personnel administration is to ensure a steady source of people who can contribute to the success of ann. organization and meet the growing demands of development.

Many organizations including the federal commission need employee who will contribute effectively having the capacity of carrying out his or functions compactly highly motivated with confidante and consistently more productive than employee of equal physical ability. Some organizations have staff with ability and determination marched with appropriate equipment and managerial support yet productivity falls below expected standard. It against this background that this research was conceited using Federal Ministry of Budget and National Planning in Nigerian to carry out a thorough research on the appraisal of public personnel administration in Nigerian

The Federal Ministry of Budget and National Planning Commission (the focus of the research) was created as a result of the merging of government agencies at the exception of President Mohammed Buhari   administration in 2015. Before now it was only federal ministry of national planning commission that exist as  a federal ministry while budget was incorporated into it to make the ministry more strategic in affairs of Nigeria planning and financial presidency. However the Federal Ministry of Budget and National Planning Commission is in indelible mark period of contribution effectively to the country development

Consequently, according to Deming (1968) agencies of regulation must themselves reregulate. If the Federal Ministry of Budget and National Planning Commission is to perform its functions satisfaction as the controller and manager of the funds and development of the federation in this mille mum it should develop its work force for the enormous challenges ahead

1.2       STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

The success of any organization depends very crucially on the efficiency and effective use of unit’s skilled trained and productive employs. Therefore public personal administration is an important aspect of human resources management today. One important reason for public personal administration is that the task of government are increasing every day that call for additional and improved skill if workers and management. New jobs often required some new skills, workers and development shift. Much organization including the federal ministry of budget and national planning commission  need employee who will contribute effectively having the capacity of carrying out his or her functions competently highly pated with conference and consistent  more productive than an untrained employee of equal physical ability. An untrained ill competent and lowly motivated employee is a threat to the organization  some organization  in Nigerian have employees with ability and management public personal administration department , set productivity fall below expected standard. The missing linking is in adequate development and appraisal. From the foregoing analysis we are confronted with the following problem for investigation and subsequent remedies:

a)       The problem of declining productivity or low quality output which are acquired through development of labor force

b)      High rate of labor turn over in organization which is caused by  frustration or inability or the organization to motivate its labor force by mean of training and development and unproductive  employee hates his work and abandons it at the slightest provocation resulting from lack of motivation, trading and development

c)      There is problem if transfer of learning. Some of the concepts and principles taught in envelopment programmers are two academic or  explained in theoretical framework an very different to apply in real life seduction or at work place

d)     There is a consequence of pooling system in which staffs that are trained in account procedure and treasuring to management are transferred to other ministry or department

1.3       OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY

The objectives of this research is to study and recommend ways in which public personal administration can lead    to higher productivity in the Nigeria public sector in funeral  and federal planning commission particular

Therefore the objectives which these embodiments research record set to achieve can be stated this:

a)      To study the type of personal administration programmed are les for staff in organization as and advise the federal ministry of federal  ministry of budget  and  national planning commission

b)      To  study the benefits of public personal administration of federal  ministry of budget  and  national planning commission

c)      The identify the problem associated with public personal administration with a view to recommend remedies as an expert opinion

d)     To study effects of pooling  system involve the inter mums trial transfer of staff of Federal Ministry of Budget and National Planning Commission to

e)       To identify the consequence of inadequate human capital develop of employees in organization

1.4       RESEARCH QUESTION

In this study, an attempt will be made to provide answer to the following question

1.      How does public personal administration programmes influence staff if organization

2.      What is the relationship between public personal administration programmes and Federal Ministry of Budget and National Planning Commission?

3.      To what extent do problem public personal administration organization

4.      What are the available benefits of public personal administration to federal ministry planning commission?

1.5    STATEMENT OF HYPOTHESIS

The following hypotheses formulation would be tested to help provide answer to the research question

Hypothesis one

Ho:       Public Personnel Administration programmes cannot lead to   increase       Performance in the Federal Ministry of Budget and National Planning   Commission.

H₁:        Public Personnel Administration Programmes can lead to Increase Performance in the Federal Ministry of Budget and Nation Planning commission

Hypothesis two:

Ho:      There is a significant relationship between public personnel administration programmes and Federal Ministry of Budget and National Planning    Commission

H₁: There is no significant relationship between public personnel administration      Programmes and Federal Ministry of Budget and National Planning    Commission

1.6       SIGNIFICANT OF THE STUDY

This study is an attempt to explore extent of the relationship between public personnel administration relationship between Programmes and Federal Ministry of Budget and National Planning Commission of a human resource practice However, it is partly a not  a new subject for research in Nigeria. Looking towards all scholarly studies completed in Nigeria, it is observed that there is insignificant research work done on this subject matter and this has created a wide gap, which needs to be filled up by the present and the near future human resource management researcher, scholars and practitioners. Finally, it is to aid management of public organization and agencies to embrace this scheme to better their organizational productivity and growth, also be able to meet the challenges of change in the future.

1.7       SCOPE AND DELIMINATION OF THE STUDY

The study is An Appraisal of Public Personnel Administration in Nigeria, The Study of Federal Ministry of Budget And National Planning Commission. It defines public personnel administration  as  the concern of the relationship that take place in work place as it affect recruitment, welfare and retirement of workers in all effort toward efficient and effective productivity in public organization.

1.8       DEFINATION OF TERMS

Productivity: This is a measure of the efficiency of production, that is of   production’s capability to create income, which is measured by the formula real output value minus real input value.

Management: This is made up of top and middle level management. Top   management includes shareholders, boards of directors and managing director while the middle             management includes heads of department, managers, deputy and assistant managers.

Top Management: This is management paradigm in which decision starts from     highest echelon to the lowest echelon of an organization, the participation of employees in decision making extremely or does not exist.

Bottom-up management: This is modern management paradigm in which decision making starts from the lowest echelon to the highest echelon of the             organization. This encourages brainstorming between the management and the employees      before decisions are taken on a particularly issues, sentiment it is called industries democracy.

Performance: This about employee input-output measured relationship.     Performance    is employee productivity

Motivation: This describes the level of desire workers feel to perform, regardless of the level of joy or happiness.

Human Capital: This refers to the skills, knowledge and experience possessed by an individual, this formed the terms of terms of value or cost to       an organization.

                                           REFERENCES

Adamolekun, L (1978) studies in Nigerian administration Ibadan: spectrum                                                Book Ltd

Adewumi, W,  (1988) an introduction to business administration Lagos                                                      Macmillan (Nig) Ltd

Deming, L (1968) management theory and application London: Longman

Mutiuallah, A., O (2014) Revisiting public administration With Advanced                                                  Attitude, Abuja reading   book ltd

Okechukwu, E.U. (1994) Industrial Democracy in the Third World: A case study of                                              Nigeria and India, New Delhi South Asian Publishers.